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In a large bowl, combine 2 1/2 cups all-purpose flour and 1/2 teaspoon salt. Gradually add 3/4 cup cold water, mixing until a very sticky dough forms.

Turn the sticky dough onto a well-floured surface. Knead briefly, just until it comes together. Shape into a ball, cover, and let rest for 15 minutes to relax the gluten.

Roll the dough into a thin, roughly 12x12-inch square. Spread 1/3 cup of the very soft unsalted butter evenly over two-thirds of the rolled-out dough, leaving one-third unbuttered and the edges clear.

Fold the unbuttered third of the dough over the middle section, then fold the remaining buttered third over that, like folding a letter. This creates three layers.

Roll the folded dough again into a thin square. Spread another 1/3 cup of the very soft unsalted butter over two-thirds of the dough, then fold again as in Step 4.

Chill the dough for 10 minutes to firm up the butter.

Roll the dough once more into a thin square. Spread the remaining 1/3 cup of very soft unsalted butter over two-thirds of the dough, then fold again as in Step 4.

Roll the dough tightly into a log, starting from one of the short ends. Seal the edge of the dough log by pinching it closed.

Wrap the dough log tightly in plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 4 hours, or preferably overnight, to allow the butter to fully solidify and the dough to become manageable.

While the dough chills, prepare the custard. In a small saucepan, combine 1/2 cup granulated sugar, 1/4 cup water, the lemon peel strip, and the cinnamon stick. Heat over medium heat until hot and the sugar dissolves. Set aside to steep; this is your 'syrup'.

In a separate medium saucepan, whisk together 1/4 cup all-purpose flour, 1/4 teaspoon salt, and 1 1/2 cups whole milk until smooth. Cook over medium heat, stirring constantly, until the mixture thickens significantly, about 5-7 minutes.

Remove the thickened milk mixture from heat and let it cool slightly for about 5 minutes.

Remove the lemon peel and cinnamon stick from the syrup. Whisk the 3 large egg yolks and 1 teaspoon vanilla extract into the slightly cooled milk mixture. Then, gradually whisk in the prepared syrup until fully combined.

Strain the custard mixture through a fine-mesh sieve into a clean bowl to ensure it is perfectly smooth. Set aside.

Preheat your oven to 550°F. Grease a 12-cup muffin tin.

Remove the chilled dough log from the refrigerator. Cut the log into 12 equal pieces, about 1-inch thick rounds.

Using wet fingers, press each piece of dough into a muffin cup, working it thinly up the sides and slightly above the rim of the cup. This creates a thin crust.

Fill each dough-lined muffin cup three-quarters full with the prepared custard.

Bake for about 12 minutes, or until the tarts are browned, bubbling, and the custard is set. Keep a close eye on them due to the high temperature.

Cool the baked tarts slightly in the muffin tin before carefully removing them. Serve warm.


In a large bowl, combine 2 1/2 cups all-purpose flour and 1/2 teaspoon salt. Gradually add 3/4 cup cold water, mixing until a very sticky dough forms.

Turn the sticky dough onto a well-floured surface. Knead briefly, just until it comes together. Shape into a ball, cover, and let rest for 15 minutes to relax the gluten.

Roll the dough into a thin, roughly 12x12-inch square. Spread 1/3 cup of the very soft unsalted butter evenly over two-thirds of the rolled-out dough, leaving one-third unbuttered and the edges clear.

Fold the unbuttered third of the dough over the middle section, then fold the remaining buttered third over that, like folding a letter. This creates three layers.

Roll the folded dough again into a thin square. Spread another 1/3 cup of the very soft unsalted butter over two-thirds of the dough, then fold again as in Step 4.

Chill the dough for 10 minutes to firm up the butter.

Roll the dough once more into a thin square. Spread the remaining 1/3 cup of very soft unsalted butter over two-thirds of the dough, then fold again as in Step 4.

Roll the dough tightly into a log, starting from one of the short ends. Seal the edge of the dough log by pinching it closed.

Wrap the dough log tightly in plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 4 hours, or preferably overnight, to allow the butter to fully solidify and the dough to become manageable.

While the dough chills, prepare the custard. In a small saucepan, combine 1/2 cup granulated sugar, 1/4 cup water, the lemon peel strip, and the cinnamon stick. Heat over medium heat until hot and the sugar dissolves. Set aside to steep; this is your 'syrup'.

In a separate medium saucepan, whisk together 1/4 cup all-purpose flour, 1/4 teaspoon salt, and 1 1/2 cups whole milk until smooth. Cook over medium heat, stirring constantly, until the mixture thickens significantly, about 5-7 minutes.

Remove the thickened milk mixture from heat and let it cool slightly for about 5 minutes.

Remove the lemon peel and cinnamon stick from the syrup. Whisk the 3 large egg yolks and 1 teaspoon vanilla extract into the slightly cooled milk mixture. Then, gradually whisk in the prepared syrup until fully combined.

Strain the custard mixture through a fine-mesh sieve into a clean bowl to ensure it is perfectly smooth. Set aside.

Preheat your oven to 550°F. Grease a 12-cup muffin tin.

Remove the chilled dough log from the refrigerator. Cut the log into 12 equal pieces, about 1-inch thick rounds.

Using wet fingers, press each piece of dough into a muffin cup, working it thinly up the sides and slightly above the rim of the cup. This creates a thin crust.

Fill each dough-lined muffin cup three-quarters full with the prepared custard.

Bake for about 12 minutes, or until the tarts are browned, bubbling, and the custard is set. Keep a close eye on them due to the high temperature.

Cool the baked tarts slightly in the muffin tin before carefully removing them. Serve warm.
